The present study describes aĬase of anti-NMDAR encephalitis that was diagnosed in a youngįemale who presented subacute encephalitis and psychiatric Positron emission tomography ( 18F-FDG PET) in the Investigated the application of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose There are no positive diagnostic features onīrain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans ( 5). If anti-NMDAR antibodies are detected in the cerebral spinal fluid The clinical presentation ofĪnti-NMDAR encephalitis includes acute psychiatric symptoms,Ĭognitive disturbance, new onset of seizures, memory deficits,ĭyskinesia, dystonia, rigidity, ataxia and dysautonomia ( 4). May occur in patients without tumors ( 3). Revealed that it is not necessarily a paraneoplastic syndrome and Accordingly, the follow‑up 18F‑FDG PET imaging revealed significant improvement.Īnti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR)Įncephalitis is a newly recognized autoimmune disorder that wasįirst reported as paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis in 2007 The patient demonstrated marked recovery following treatment with a high dose of corticosteroids and plasmapheresis. 18F‑fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F‑FDG PET) imaging revealed significant generalized asymmetric hypometabolism. The MRI brain scan results were unremarkable, cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) biochemistry indicated non‑specific lymphocytic pleocytosis and the CSF microbiology studies were negative. The current study presents the case of a 38‑year‑old female with classic clinical symptoms of anti‑NMDAR encephalitis. If diagnosed early, the initiation of immunotherapy and removal of the tumor (if present) may result in recovery. Conventional imaging techniques, including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are often ineffective for diagnosis of the disease. Anti‑N‑methyl‑D‑aspartate receptor (anti‑NMDAR) encephalitis, a recently defined and frequently misdiagnosed disease characterized by psychiatric symptoms, seizures, movement disorders and autonomic dysfunction, has been observed predominantly in young females with ovarian teratoma.
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